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Will Illinois utility-scale net electricity generation from nuclear energy for 2026 be above 97.5 TWh?
53%
Agent
58%
Market Price
-5.0%
Edge
42%
Confidence
57,042
Volume
3.0c
Spread
135
Days to resolution
7
Markets in event
final rationale
Mean of 2 draws (0.50, 0.56) after one crux research pass. (0) Not resolved. EIA EPM Table 1.9.B puts Illinois nuclear at 56.48 TWh for Jan–Jul 2026, 2.0% behind 2025, so August–December must reach about 41.0 TWh. The same months produced about 40.1 TWh in 2025. (a) About 2.5 months of operation remain. Resolution comes from the first EIA release with full-year data, probably the late-February 2027 Electric Power Monthly, which will carry preliminary figures. (b) Status quo: July ran at about 11.6 GW, close to full fleet capacity. My bottom-up estimate takes August near full power and deducts the Dresden 2 trip in September (~0.13 TWh), the Byron 2 refuel (0.5–0.8 TWh) and the Dresden 3 refuel plus coastdown (~0.6 TWh). Cold-water efficiency then helps November–December. That gives roughly 40.8–41.4 TWh for August–December, essentially on the line. Fall 2026 looks like a lighter outage load than fall 2025, which is why matching 2025's pace is not enough to rule out Yes. (c) No: Byron 2's turbine-upgrade outage runs long, Dresden 3 overruns, any winter trip occurs, or summer derates make August weak, leaving the total near 96.5–97.3 TWh. (d) Yes: August–September run near full power, both refuels finish on schedule, and December cold-weather output pushes the total to about 97.6–98 TWh. The Kalshi anchor is 58–61% and has risen even after the −2% YTD data. That may reflect knowledge of the lighter fall outage schedule, but my arithmetic says roughly a coin flip, so I shade modestly below the market. The October 23 release of August data will be informative.
price vs. prediction
market price
agent forecast at t+0
2 follow-ups
1. Planner Opus 5.5 · picks the research tools
Tools chosen:
kalshi_direct
kalshi_related
resolution_source
article_search
wikipedia
Planner reasoning
The kalshi_direct price is the anchor, and kalshi_related brings in the sibling strike thresholds in the same series. The resolution source is EIA's Electric Power Monthly and state electricity data, which show the year-to-date 2026 Illinois nuclear generation through about July or August, so the rest of the year can be extrapolated from that. Wikipedia covers the Illinois nuclear fleet (Constellation's plants) and their capacity, and one targeted search looks for fall 2026 refueling outages or unplanned shutdowns.
2. Research parallel tool calls + 4 web research loops (Sonnet 5.5) · read raw by the forecasters
at a glance
RESEARCH DIGEST (built in code: tool summaries and each report's bottom line; the forecasters read the full tool outputs and reports)
Tools
- kalshi_direct: ## This Market's Kalshi Data **Above 97.5 TWh** (KXILNUCLEAR-27FEB28-T97.5) - Current price (probability): 58.00% (live; bid 58% / ask 61%) - Last daily close (2026-10-16): 62.00% - 7-day price change: +3.00% - 30-day price change: +9.00% - Average daily volume: 2092 contracts - Price range: 28.00% - 62.00% - Data points: 26 days
- resolution_source: already_resolved=unclear; matches_criteria=True; last_updated=2026-09-24 (data for July 2026; next release October 23, 2026). EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.9.B (data through July 2026, released September 24, 2026) shows Illinois utility-scale nuclear net generation of 56,484 thousand MWh (about 56.48 TWh) for January–July 2026. That is 2.0% below the 57,633 thousand MWh for the same period of
- kalshi_related: 2 related markets / summaries. series KXILNUCLEAR: 0 markets (skipped 7 no-signal) | keyword 'nuclear generation': ok | keyword 'Illinois electricity': ok
- article_search: Fetched 15 unique articles across 2 queries (lookback=120d). 'Constellation Illinois nuclear plant refueling outage fall 2026': 8 articles | 'Byron Braidwood LaSalle Dresden Quad Cities Clinton outage 2026': 8 articles
- wikipedia: Fetched 1 Wikipedia entries (1 missing pages).
Research loops, bottom lines
- current state: The 2025 baseline (97.67 TWh) sits only about 0.17 TWh above the strike, so the 2026 result depends on outage days and small derates. The evidence on direction is mixed. Constellation's fleet showed lower capacity factors and more outage days in H1 2026, and one aggregator suggests Illinois is running below 2025. Illinois's July 2026 output was up 1.3% year on year, and the US nuclear YTD is up 1.5%. Byron 2 (to about 10-29) and Dresden 3 (about 10-26 to 11-19) outages are still to come in Q4.
- base rate: The threshold of 97.5 TWh is almost exactly the median of recent outcomes. Since 2018 the result was above it in about 6 of 8 years, and 2025 landed just above at 97.67. Uprate gains point slightly up and a lowcarbonpower.org data series (ambiguous) suggests 2026 YTD is running a bit below 2025. The base rate is therefore close to a coin flip, leaning slightly to Yes, and the year-to-date monthly EIA data would settle it better than the base rate.
- yes case: The Yes path needs Illinois to match 2025's capacity factor, within about 0.2%. US nuclear is up 1.5% year to date through July, Illinois July was up 1.3%, and Illinois's completed 2026 outages were short. Byron 2 and Dresden 3 are the only remaining outages and both are scheduled and normal. Yes therefore needs no unusual event, only no large unplanned loss or extended outage in Nov–Dec.
- no case: Through July, Illinois is 1.15 TWh (-2.0%) behind 2025, which itself only cleared the strike by 0.17 TWh. Yes now needs Aug–Dec to beat 2025 by about 2.4% despite the Dresden 2 trip and two Q4 refuelings, so the status quo points to NO.
Crux follow-up
- The evidence puts 97.5 TWh essentially on the line. Jan–Jul is 56.48 TWh, and Aug–Dec must reach about 41.0 TWh against about 40.1 TWh in 2025. The known outages are mostly confirmed: Byron 2 ends about Oct 29 and Dresden 3 runs Oct 26–Nov 19. I lean slightly toward No, because an overrun or a winter trip would eat the thin margin. Upside comes from uprates and full-power cold-weather output.
tools
| tool | status | time | items | summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| kalshi_direct | OK | 0.2s | 1 | ## This Market's Kalshi Data **Above 97.5 TWh** (KXILNUCLEAR-27FEB28-T97.5) - Current price (probability): 58.00% (live; bid 58% / ask 61%) - Last daily close (2026-10-16): 62.00% - 7-day price change: +3.00% - 30-day price change: +9.00% - Average daily volume: 2092 contracts - Price range: 28.00% |
| kalshi_related | OK | 5.6s | 2 | 2 related markets / summaries. series KXILNUCLEAR: 0 markets (skipped 7 no-signal) | keyword 'nuclear generation': ok | keyword 'Illinois electricity': ok |
| resolution_source | OK | 13.5s | 1 | already_resolved=unclear; matches_criteria=True; last_updated=2026-09-24 (data for July 2026; next release October 23, 2026). EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.9.B (data through July 2026, released September 24, 2026) shows Illinois utility-scale nuclear net generation of 56,484 thousand MWh (about |
| article_search | OK | 0.5s | 15 | Fetched 15 unique articles across 2 queries (lookback=120d). 'Constellation Illinois nuclear plant refueling outage fall 2026': 8 articles | 'Byron Braidwood LaSalle Dresden Quad Cities Clinton outage 2026': 8 articles |
| wikipedia | OK | 0.5s | 1 | Fetched 1 Wikipedia entries (1 missing pages). |
research loops
·
4/4 ok ·
14 searches ·
0 page reads
| dimension | status | time | searches | page reads | report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current state | OK | 28s | 4 | 0 | 4700 chars |
| base rate | OK | 32s | 3 | 0 | 5265 chars |
| yes case | OK | 23s | 4 | 0 | 5176 chars |
| no case | OK | 24s | 3 | 0 | 4695 chars |
report: current state
I could not find Illinois's January–July 2026 nuclear total, which is the key YTD figure. The only 2026 Illinois monthly numbers I found are June and July, from a third-party site.
- [2026-10-15] EIA data on Illinois's 2025 nuclear output, as compiled by World Power Monitor from EIA, is 97.7 TWh (97,670 GWh). That is just above the 97.5 TWh strike. 2024 was 99.2 TWh and 2023 was 97.6 TWh. https://worldpowermonitor.com/us/illinois/
- [2026-09-24] EIA Electric Power Monthly (data through July 2026) shows US nuclear year-to-date at 460,063 GWh for 2026, against 453,065 GWh for 2025 (+1.5%). The state-level table was not retrieved. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_1_01
- [2026-10-01 approx.] Choose Energy, using EIA data, puts Illinois nuclear at 8,449 thousand MWh in June 2026 and 8,610 in July 2026. July 2025 was 8,498, so July was up 1.3% year on year. Illinois was the top nuclear state. https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/nuclear-generation-by-state/
- [2026-10-16] The EIA resolution source is still on a monthly cycle. The next Electric Power Monthly, with August data, is due 2026-10-23. The 2025 state profile is due in November 2026. The full-year 2026 state data would come around February–March 2027 in the Electric Power Monthly. EIA's "Historical State Data" page shows annual data through 2025. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/illinois/
- [2026-10-14] NukeWorker tracker: Byron 2 is in refueling outage B2R26 (day 17 of 21). Dresden 3 is at 94% power. All other Illinois units (Braidwood 1 and 2, Byron 1, Clinton, Dresden 2, LaSalle 1 and 2) are at 100%. Quad Cities does not appear in the excerpt I retrieved. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/live-reactor-status/
- [2026-10-14] Remaining 2026 Illinois outage: Byron 2 (about 2026-09-28 to 10-29). Dresden 3 (R29) is scheduled for about 10-26 to 11-19. Allied Power lists Byron 2R26 as 9/28–10/29 and Dresden 3R29 as 10/26–11/19. Westinghouse's wish list shows Byron from 9/28 and Dresden from 10/27. Another tracker shows Byron starting 10/19, which conflicts. https://alliedpwr.com/nuclear-outage/
- [2026-02 to 2026-04] Illinois outages already done in 2026: LaSalle 1 (Feb 9–27), Byron 1 (Mar 2–Apr 1), and Braidwood 2 (starting Apr 20). Dresden 2 and Quad Cities 2 also had spring work. Quad Cities 2 was in refueling from 2026-03-30. Dresden 3 had a maintenance outage starting 2026-04-08. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/
- [2026-08-06] Constellation's fleet-wide Q2 2026 capacity factor was 93.0%, against 94.8% in Q2 2025. Planned refueling outage days were 86, against 41 a year earlier. Q1 2026 was 92.3%, against 94.1%. Fleet output fell year on year in both quarters (44,160 vs 45,170 GWh in Q2; 44,666 vs 45,582 GWh in Q1). These are fleet-wide figures, not Illinois-only. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001868275/000186827526000097/ceg-20260806991.htm
- [2026-10-06 approx.] On the Q2 call, Constellation cited higher planned outage days. It also said the Illinois ZEC program ends in May 2027, which is after the 2026 calendar year. https://www.benzinga.com/news/26/10/62272096/full-transcript-constellation-energy-q2-2026-earnings-call
- [2026-10-13] Constellation's uprates (first due 2028) do not affect 2026 output. https://www.positivecurrent.com/constellation-uprates-890-mw-7200-construction-jobs/
- [2026-09 approx.] LowCarbonPower, an unofficial aggregator, says Illinois nuclear fell by 1.3 TWh in "2026" (trailing 12 months to June). This is an unverified lead that points to 2026 running below 2025. https://lowcarbonpower.org/region/Illinois
- [2026-04-09 to 2026-05-11] NRC status reports confirm the spring outages and that all other Illinois units were at about 100%. https://www.nrc.gov/documents-reports/document-collections/events-reports-associated-with/power-reactor-status-reports/2026/20260409ps
BOTTOM LINE: The 2025 baseline (97.67 TWh) sits only about 0.17 TWh above the strike, so the 2026 result depends on outage days and small derates. The evidence on direction is mixed. Constellation's fleet showed lower capacity factors and more outage days in H1 2026, and one aggregator suggests Illinois is running below 2025. Illinois's July 2026 output was up 1.3% year on year, and the US nuclear YTD is up 1.5%. Byron 2 (to about 10-29) and Dresden 3 (about 10-26 to 11-19) outages are still to come in Q4.
NOT FOUND: Illinois January–August 2026 nuclear YTD MWh from EIA's state-level table. The Quad Cities 1 outage timing for 2026 (a 2027 outage is listed). The 2026 Illinois outage-day total versus 2025. Any unplanned Illinois outage news from the last 7–14 days beyond the Dresden 3 derate.
report: base rate
- [2026-10-15] EIA data shows Illinois utility-scale nuclear generation of 97.67 TWh in 2025, or 97,670 GWh. The 2025 final annual data were released 9/14/2026. The threshold of 97.5 TWh sits about 0.17 TWh (0.2%) below that figure. https://worldpowermonitor.com/us/illinois/ (EIA-derived); https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/
- [2026-10-15] Illinois annual nuclear generation in TWh, 2013–2025, rounded: 97.1, 97.9, 97.3, 98.6, 97.2, 98.1, 98.7, 100, 97.0, 98.9, 97.6, 99.2, 97.7. https://worldpowermonitor.com/us/illinois/
- 2013–2025 is 13 years, and 8 of them were above 97.5. The years at or below it were 2013 (97.1), 2015 (97.3), 2017 (97.2), 2021 (97.0) and 2023 (97.6, which is above 97.5 only by rounding). 2025 (97.7) was above by a small margin.
- Since 2018, 6 of 8 years were above 97.5. The exceptions are 2021 and, marginally, 2023. 2023 may be about 97.55 and needs its exact figure checked.
- Year-to-year swings are roughly ±1–3 TWh. The 2026 fleet is the same 11 units, so the threshold is close to the median of recent outcomes.
- [2026-10-15] There is a rough odd/even-year pattern in the 2018–2025 data: higher in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2022 and 2024, lower in 2021, 2023 and 2025. It is probably caused by refueling-outage timing across the 11 units, not by any structural driver. https://worldpowermonitor.com/us/illinois/
- [2026-10-14] The 2026 outage record so far (NukeWorker, NRC status reports):
- LaSalle 1 refueled Feb 9–27 (19 days).
- Byron 1 refueled Mar 2–Apr 1 (31 days).
- Quad Cities 2 refueled Mar 30–Apr 23, then had a maintenance outage starting May 9 (NRC status report).
- Braidwood 2 refueled Apr 20–May 6 (17 days).
- Dresden 3 had an unscheduled outage Apr 8–13 (6 days).
- Dresden 2 was manually shut down around Sep 3 after an instrument fault and was still at 0% on Sep 8 (secondary, unofficial source).
- Byron 2 was in a refueling outage (B2R26, 21 days) on Oct 14 at day 17, ending about Oct 29.
- Dresden 3 had a refueling outage planned for Oct 26–Nov 19.
- https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/ ; https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/live-reactor-status/ ; https://www.nrc.gov/documents-reports/document-collections/events-reports-associated-with/power-reactor-status-reports/2026/20260511ps
- [2026-10-14] NRC status on Oct 14 showed Clinton, Dresden 2, LaSalle 1 and 2, and Quad Cities 1 and 2 at 100%. Dresden 3 was at 94%. https://www.nrc.gov/documents-reports/document-collections/events-reports-associated-with/power-reactor-status-reports/ps
- [2026-10-16] In 2026 Illinois had 5 scheduled refueling outages through Oct 29 (Byron 1, Byron 2, Braidwood 2, LaSalle 1, Quad Cities 2) plus Dresden 3 starting Oct 26. This compares with the 2025 outage pattern, which I could not retrieve. The 2026 outage count and durations are about typical. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/
- [2026-04-17] Constellation is uprating Byron and Braidwood by about 135–158 MW combined, through turbine replacements done during refueling outages. Some output gain was expected from 2026, with full output by 2029. Byron's first phase is done. A gain of roughly 0.5–1 TWh/yr at full output is plausible, but only part of it applies to 2026. https://www.wifr.com/2026/04/17/byron-nuclear-plant-completes-first-phase-multi-million-dollar-upgrade-project/ ; https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Reprieved-Illinois-plants-to-be-uprated
- [2026-09] The low-carbon-power tracker (EIA-based, rolling 12 months to June 2026) shows Illinois nuclear down 1.3 TWh in "2026" versus the prior comparison period. The text is auto-generated and ambiguous, so treat it as a weak and unreliable signal that 2026 is running below 2025. https://lowcarbonpower.org/region/Illinois
- [2026-09-24] The EIA Electric Power Monthly for July 2026 was released on Sep 24, and the next edition is due Oct 23, 2026. It carries monthly nuclear generation by state, which would give the January–August 2026 year-to-date figure. I could not read that table. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/
- [2026-10-15] The resolving EIA publication is the one with complete 2026 data. EIA's final 2025 annual state data came out on 9/14/2026, so final 2026 data would arrive around Sep 2027, well after the Feb 28, 2027 close. The Electric Power Monthly with December data is due around late Feb 2027, so it may be the "first publication" with complete data. The market may therefore resolve on preliminary figures. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/
BOTTOM LINE: The threshold of 97.5 TWh is almost exactly the median of recent outcomes. Since 2018 the result was above it in about 6 of 8 years, and 2025 landed just above at 97.67. Uprate gains point slightly up and a lowcarbonpower.org data series (ambiguous) suggests 2026 YTD is running a bit below 2025. The base rate is therefore close to a coin flip, leaning slightly to Yes, and the year-to-date monthly EIA data would settle it better than the base rate.
NOT FOUND: 2026 year-to-date (Jan–Aug) Illinois nuclear MWh from EIA's Electric Power Monthly; exact 2023 and 2025 values to the MWh; any published forecast, EIA STEO state-level estimate or other-venue market for this metric; a 2025 outage-day comparison.
report: yes case
YES means: EIA's first publication with complete January–December 2026 data shows Illinois utility-scale nuclear net generation above 97.5 TWh (97,500,000 MWh).
- [2026-09-24] EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.1 (fetched) gives US nuclear for Jan–Jul 2026 at 460,063 GWh, against 453,065 GWh in 2025. That is +7.0 TWh, or +1.5%. Monthly 2026 nuclear ran above the same month of 2025 in January (73,251 vs 71,739), May (65,001 vs 62,145) and June (68,786 vs 66,222). February and March were roughly flat to slightly higher or lower. April was lower (57,373 vs 57,893). July was 71,172 vs 70,781. So national nuclear is ahead of 2025 despite the heavier Constellation outage load noted on Aug 6. The state-level table is not in the fetched page. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_1_01
- [2026-10] The Choose Energy table, which cites EIA data, shows Illinois at 8,449 thousand MWh in June and 8,610 in July 2026. June 2025 is not shown. July is 1.3% above July 2025 (8,498). Illinois is the top nuclear state, at 45% of its in-state generation in July. Nothing in this table points to a structural 2026 shortfall. https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/nuclear-generation-by-state/
- [2026-10-15] The NukeWorker full-year outage history (fetched) shows Illinois's completed 2026 refueling outages were short. LaSalle 1 ran 19 days, Byron 1 31 days, Quad Cities 2 25 days and Braidwood 2 17 days. The fleet-wide average completed outage was 28 days. Illinois's three shortest refuelings were well below that average, so Illinois lost little to planned outages in the first half. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/
- [2026-10-15] The same page lists the only Illinois forced outages of the year as Dresden 3 (Apr 8–13, 6 days) and the Dresden 2 scram (Sep 4–9, 6 days). The Dresden 2 event is the largest unplanned loss, at roughly 0.15 TWh. Dresden 2 had returned to 100% by the Oct 14 NRC status noted by colleagues. Illinois has had no long forced outage in 2026. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/
- [2026-10-16] Allied Power lists Byron 2R26 as Sep 28–Oct 29 and Dresden 3R29 as Oct 26–Nov 19. The Dresden 3 window is 25 days and overlaps the Byron 2 end by only a few days. A typical Dresden refueling is about 3 weeks. For example, the earlier Dresden 2 outage ran Oct 30–Nov 20. Both outages are known, scheduled and normal, so Q4 carries no unexpected large loss unless they extend. https://alliedpwr.com/nuclear-outage/
- [2026-10-16] Illinois 2026 has no outage that is not already in the record except Dresden 3. Quad Cities 1 and Clinton appear to have no 2026 outage in the NukeWorker list, which I read as inferred from the Gantt listing rather than stated. Dresden 2 also does not appear to have had a 2026 refueling. If so, Illinois had 6 planned refuelings (Byron 1 and 2, Braidwood 2, LaSalle 1, Quad Cities 2, Dresden 3) against 11 units. That is a light-to-normal load for a year in the odd-year low pattern. https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/full-year-2026/
- [2026-10-06] ANS reports that the Google–Constellation uprates are "expected to be delivered by 2028", so they add nothing in 2026. https://www.ans.org/news/2026-10-06/article-8467/google-constellation-reach-11unit-uprate-plan-constellation-to-invest-43-billion/ The earlier Braidwood/Byron turbine work is separate. Avpress (about May 2026) says Byron work began in March 2026 and will finish in 2028, and Braidwood work starts next spring. Some gain from the Byron turbine replacements is possible in 2026. https://www.avpress.com/business/constellation-launches-nuclear-plant-upgrades/article_345fdbe1-8fbb-4489-bc33-1e662af73aec.html
- [2026-10-07] The 2025 figure of 97,670 GWh is EIA's final annual figure. Wikipedia's Illinois list gives the same number, citing EIA. EIA's EIA-923 page says final 2025 data came out Sept 14, 2026. All data before 2025 are final. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia923/ The strike is 0.17 TWh below 2025, about 0.17% of output. Matching 2025's capacity factor would clear it. Illinois's nuclear capacity is unchanged at 11 units. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Illinois
- [2026-09] LowCarbonPower's "-1.3 TWh" for 2026 is a trailing 12-month figure (Jul 2025–Jun 2026). Its history text says nuclear fell 1.5 TWh in 2025, which matches the 99.2 → 97.7 drop. The 2026 line therefore compares a window that includes H2 2025 against a different base. It does not measure calendar-2026 output. https://lowcarbonpower.org/region/Illinois
BOTTOM LINE: The Yes path needs Illinois to match 2025's capacity factor, within about 0.2%. US nuclear is up 1.5% year to date through July, Illinois July was up 1.3%, and Illinois's completed 2026 outages were short. Byron 2 and Dresden 3 are the only remaining outages and both are scheduled and normal. Yes therefore needs no unusual event, only no large unplanned loss or extended outage in Nov–Dec.
NOT FOUND: Illinois Jan–Aug 2026 state-level nuclear total from EIA. June 2025 Illinois figure. Illinois 2025 outage-day count. Any Constellation statement on Illinois's full-year 2026 output.
report: no case
YES means: EIA's first publication with complete January–December 2026 data shows Illinois utility-scale nuclear net generation above 97.5 TWh (97,500,000 MWh).
- [2026-09-24] The state-level number the colleagues' reports lacked: EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.9.B (data through July 2026, preliminary) puts Illinois nuclear year-to-date at 56,484 GWh. The same period in 2025 was 57,633 GWh, so 2026 is down 1,149 GWh (-2.0%). The US total is up 1.5%, so Illinois is lagging the national trend. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_1_09_b
- [2026-10-16] Deadline arithmetic, derived from the table above and the 2025 total of 97,670 GWh. The 2025 Aug–Dec output was about 40,040 GWh (97,670 − 57,633). Illinois needs about 41,016 GWh in Aug–Dec 2026 (97,500 − 56,484) to clear the strike. That is about 2.4% more than the same months of 2025. The shortfall of 1,149 GWh cannot be recovered without a clearly better-than-2025 finish. My own rough calculation says the 11 units (about 11.6 GW) would need roughly a 96% capacity factor over those five months. Caveat: the 2025 YTD column may have been revised, so the 2025 comparison is approximate. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_1_09_b
- [2026-09-09] Dresden 2 (about 0.9 GW) was shut by hand around Sept 3 over an instrument fault and was still at 0% on the Sept 8 NRC report. That is at least 5 days lost in Aug–Dec, or about 0.1 TWh at minimum, which makes the required step-up harder. I did not find a restart date. https://www.autonocion.com/us/illinois-reactor-rods-that-never-moved/
- [2026-10-14] Q4 is not outage-free. Byron 2's refueling runs to about Oct 29 (about 1.1 GW). The colleagues' reports also show Dresden 3's refueling starting Oct 26 and running to about Nov 19, which is about 24 days at about 0.9 GW, or roughly 0.5 TWh. Two refuelings plus the Dresden 2 trip all fall inside the five months that must outperform 2025. I did not see 2025 Q4 outage data for comparison. Source for the two refueling dates: https://alliedpwr.com/nuclear-outage/
- [2026-10-16] The Jun–Jul 2026 monthly figures (8,449 and 8,610 GWh, Choose Energy) imply Jan–May was about 39,425 GWh. That is below the Jan–May 2025 level of about 40,670 GWh once July 2025 is backed out. The deficit therefore comes from the spring outage season, which is already over and cannot be reversed. July's +1.3% year-on-year gain was only about 112 GWh, so it is far too small to close a 1,149 GWh gap. Choose Energy's June 2025 value is not in my sources, so this split is approximate. https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/nuclear-generation-by-state/
- [2026-10-16] The ordinary run-rate is not enough either. Even at the July 2026 pace of about 8.6 TWh per month (the best month shown), Aug–Dec would be about 43 TWh before outages. After roughly 0.1 TWh for the Dresden 2 trip, about 0.5 TWh for Byron 2 and about 0.5 TWh for Dresden 3, the total is about 41.5 TWh. That is only marginally above the 41.0 TWh needed. This is a thin margin that depends on every other unit running at about 100% with no further trips. Illinois's Aug–Dec 2025 total of about 40.0 TWh also shows that even a normal late-year pace gives a miss.
- [2026-10-16] Resolution technicality: EIA's 2026 final annual data are not due until September 2027, after the 2027-02-28 close. Per the "first EIA publication with complete data" rule, resolution is therefore likely on the Electric Power Monthly with December data, expected in late February 2027 and carrying preliminary numbers. If that release slips past Feb 28, the market has no resolving data by close. Source: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia923/
- [2026-09-14] Inertia: the +0.2% margin of 2025 over the strike (97.67 vs 97.5) was already razor-thin. 2026 started 2.0% behind that base, so the status quo of "similar to last year" now points to roughly 95.5–96.5 TWh, not 97.5+. The aggregator lowcarbonpower.org also shows nuclear declining in its 2026 period. https://lowcarbonpower.org/region/Illinois
- [2026-08-06] Uprates add nothing material. The colleagues' reports show Byron/Braidwood gains are phased in through 2029, and the 2026 YTD deficit already includes whatever was delivered so far.
BOTTOM LINE: Through July, Illinois is 1.15 TWh (-2.0%) behind 2025, which itself only cleared the strike by 0.17 TWh. Yes now needs Aug–Dec to beat 2025 by about 2.4% despite the Dresden 2 trip and two Q4 refuelings, so the status quo points to NO.
NOT FOUND: Illinois August 2026 data (the Electric Power Monthly is due Oct 23). The Dresden 2 restart date. 2025 Q4 outage-day comparison. Exact 2025 Aug–Dec MWh on a revised basis.
3. Forecasters 2 draws · Opus 5.5 + GPT · plain mean · re-drawn after crux research
crux research
The first round disagreed: the forecasts rest on claims no source in the evidence confirms: (1) Illinois Jan–Jul 2025 comparison figure of 57,633 GWh and 2025 Aug–Dec ~40.0 TWh (could be revised basis); (2) Dresden 3 refueling Oct 26–Nov 19 and Byron 2 ending ~Oct 29; (3) No other Illinois unit outages planned in Nov–Dec 2026.
One more research loop went after the crux and every draw below was redone with its report.
first-round draws:
44%, 52%
· crux loop: 3 searches, 0 page reads
report: crux
CRUX: The unverified claim that moves the forecast most is claim 3, that no other Illinois unit has an outage or derate in Nov–Dec 2026. The Aug–Dec requirement is about 41.0 TWh against roughly 40.0 TWh last year, so the margin is thin.
- **Claim 1 holds (2026-09-24 EPM release).** EIA Table 1.9.B shows Illinois nuclear Jan–Jul 2026 at 56,484 GWh against 57,633 GWh for Jan–Jul 2025, a change of -2.0%. Source: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_1_09_b. The next EPM release is Oct 23, with August data.
- **2025 baseline (secondary source, undated).** worldpowermonitor.com, citing EIA, puts Illinois 2025 nuclear at 97.7 TWh. That implies Aug–Dec 2025 of about 40.1 TWh, which is consistent with claim 1's ~40.0. Source: https://worldpowermonitor.com/us/illinois/. This was not checked against EIA's own annual file.
- **July 2026 run-rate (secondary source citing EIA).** Illinois nuclear was 8,610 thousand MWh in July and 8,449 thousand MWh in June. Source: https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/nuclear-generation-by-state/. A figure of 8.61 TWh for 744 hours is about 11.6 GW.
- **Claim 2, Dresden 3 (Allied Power schedule, about 2026-10-14).** Allied lists Dresden 3 R29 as Oct 26–Nov 19, 2026. Source: https://alliedpwr.com/nuclear-outage/. That is a contractor schedule, not Constellation's own statement. NukeWorker's NRC-based tracker shows Dresden 3 at about 94–95% power in early October, consistent with a coastdown. It also records an unscheduled Dresden 3 outage on Apr 8–13. Sources: https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/live-reactor-status/ and https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/history/spring-2026/.
- **Claim 2, Byron 2 (NukeWorker, Oct 14 snapshot).** Byron 2 was at 0% power, "RFO B2R26 – Day 17 of 21". That puts the restart around Oct 29–30, consistent with the claim. Source: https://www.nukeworker.com/outages/live-reactor-status/.
- **Byron 2 conflict.** outagecalendar.com instead lists a Byron outage starting Oct 19 for 18 days. That conflicts with the NukeWorker status and is probably stale or refers to a different unit. Source: https://outagecalendar.com/. Constellation said in April that Byron would have a fall outage including Unit 2 low-pressure turbine upgrades. Source: https://www.wifr.com/2026/04/17/byron-nuclear-plant-completes-first-phase-multi-million-dollar-upgrade-project/. An upgrade-related extension is possible.
- **Constellation Q2 2026 8-K (2026-08-06).** The slide commentary describes 2026 as a high planned-refueling-outage year, with Q2 capacity factor down about 1.8% year on year from extra outage days. It also notes the Byron 1 turbine uprate. Source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001868275/000186827526000097/ceg-20260806992.htm. Uprates at Byron and Braidwood add output. Source: wifr.com link above.
- **Dresden 2 trip in September (forecasters' claim).** I did not verify it. NukeWorker's Oct 14 snapshot shows Dresden 2 at 100%, which only confirms its status that day.
BOTTOM LINE: The evidence puts 97.5 TWh essentially on the line. Jan–Jul is 56.48 TWh, and Aug–Dec must reach about 41.0 TWh against about 40.1 TWh in 2025. The known outages are mostly confirmed: Byron 2 ends about Oct 29 and Dresden 3 runs Oct 26–Nov 19. I lean slightly toward No, because an overrun or a winter trip would eat the thin margin. Upside comes from uprates and full-power cold-weather output.
NOT FOUND:
- Constellation's own announcement of the Dresden 3 and Byron 2 outage dates. I found only contractor and tracker sources.
- Any confirmation that no other Illinois unit has Nov–Dec outages or derates. Claim 3 is unverified and can't be confirmed in advance.
- Illinois August and September 2026 nuclear generation. August is due Oct 23.
- A primary EIA confirmation of the 2025 annual Illinois nuclear total.
- Evidence of the Dresden 2 September trip and its size.
claude-opus-5-5 · high effort
42% conf
| Yes | 50% |
| No | 50% |
(0) Not resolved. EIA EPM Table 1.9.B puts Illinois nuclear at 56.48 TWh for Jan–Jul 2026, 2.0% behind 2025, so August–December must reach about 41.0 TWh. The same months produced about 40.1 TWh in 2025. (a) About 2.5 months of operation remain. Resolution comes from the first EIA release with full-year data, probably the late-February 2027 Electric Power Monthly, which will carry preliminary figures. (b) Status quo: July ran at about 11.6 GW, close to full fleet capacity. My bottom-up estimate takes August near full power and deducts the Dresden 2 trip in September (~0.13 TWh), the Byron 2 refuel (0.5–0.8 TWh) and the Dresden 3 refuel plus coastdown (~0.6 TWh). Cold-water efficiency then helps November–December. That gives roughly 40.8–41.4 TWh for August–December, essentially on the line. Fall 2026 looks like a lighter outage load than fall 2025, which is why matching 2025's pace is not enough to rule out Yes. (c) No: Byron 2's turbine-upgrade outage runs long, Dresden 3 overruns, any winter trip occurs, or summer derates make August weak, leaving the total near 96.5–97.3 TWh. (d) Yes: August–September run near full power, both refuels finish on schedule, and December cold-weather output pushes the total to about 97.6–98 TWh. The Kalshi anchor is 58–61% and has risen even after the −2% YTD data. That may reflect knowledge of the lighter fall outage schedule, but my arithmetic says roughly a coin flip, so I shade modestly below the market. The October 23 release of August data will be informative.
claude-opus-5-5 · high effort
42% conf
| Yes | 56% |
| No | 44% |
(0) Not met: EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.9.B (released 2026-09-24) shows Illinois nuclear at 56.484 TWh for Jan–Jul 2026, 2.0% below 2025. Clearing 97.5 TWh needs about 41.0 TWh in Aug–Dec, against about 40.1 TWh in Aug–Dec 2025. (a) About 2.5 months of output remain; resolution is likely on the late-February 2027 Electric Power Monthly with December data. (b) Status quo: my run-rate estimate (about 11.6 GW summer and about 12 GW winter, less the Dresden 2 September trip, Byron 2 refueling to about Oct 29, and Dresden 3 refueling Oct 26–Nov 19) gives roughly 41.5–41.7 TWh for Aug–Dec. That is a cushion of only about 0.5–0.7 TWh, helped by a fall outage load apparently lighter than 2025's and a small Byron uprate. (c) NO: an outage extension (Byron 2 includes turbine upgrade work) or a two- to three-week forced outage at any unit in Nov–Dec would erase the margin. (d) YES: on-schedule restarts and near-100% winter operation put the total around 98 TWh. The market at 58–62% already reflects a thin positive margin with high variance, so I stay near it, shading slightly for preliminary-data and forced-outage risk.
4. Final plain mean of 2 draws · second round
53%
(42% confidence)
Yes: 53%
No: 47%
Mean of 2 draws (0.50, 0.56) after one crux research pass. (0) Not resolved. EIA EPM Table 1.9.B puts Illinois nuclear at 56.48 TWh for Jan–Jul 2026, 2.0% behind 2025, so August–December must reach about 41.0 TWh. The same months produced about 40.1 TWh in 2025. (a) About 2.5 months of operation remain. Resolution comes from the first EIA release with full-year data, probably the late-February 2027 Electric Power Monthly, which will carry preliminary figures. (b) Status quo: July ran at about 11.6 GW, close to full fleet capacity. My bottom-up estimate takes August near full power and deducts the Dresden 2 trip in September (~0.13 TWh), the Byron 2 refuel (0.5–0.8 TWh) and the Dresden 3 refuel plus coastdown (~0.6 TWh). Cold-water efficiency then helps November–December. That gives roughly 40.8–41.4 TWh for August–December, essentially on the line. Fall 2026 looks like a lighter outage load than fall 2025, which is why matching 2025's pace is not enough to rule out Yes. (c) No: Byron 2's turbine-upgrade outage runs long, Dresden 3 overruns, any winter trip occurs, or summer derates make August weak, leaving the total near 96.5–97.3 TWh. (d) Yes: August–September run near full power, both refuels finish on schedule, and December cold-weather output pushes the total to about 97.6–98 TWh. The Kalshi anchor is 58–61% and has risen even after the −2% YTD data. That may reflect knowledge of the lighter fall outage schedule, but my arithmetic says roughly a coin flip, so I shade modestly below the market. The October 23 release of August data will be informative.
Pipeline Timing
Total pipeline time: 141.4s
Per-tool research timings shown in the Research section above.